12
Nov
Understanding the CNC Milling Process: A Beginner’s Guide
What is CNC Milling?
CNC (Computer Numerical Control) milling, like other subtractive manufacturing forms, works by removing material to create a final design. The CNC Milling process involves multi-point cutting tools being controlled by a computerised programme which reads and translates machine paths. These machine paths originate from CAD/CAM software (Computer-Aided Design/Manufacture) programmes which are used to create a computerised design of the product.
In this article, we're going to delve a little deeper into the set-up and functioning of CNC mills, taking a look behind the scenes at their various functions and uses.
CNC Milling Machine Function
The CNC machining process works by the machine reading its instructions from a design that was inputted on a CAD programme. These part designs can be 2D or 3D. Once completed the designs are converted into a machine-readable format. CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) software then exports this to a CNC machine programme which then acts as the instructions to direct each and every move that the machine will have to make in order to replicate the CAD design with the chosen material.
CNC Milling Machine Setup
Before the milling manufacturing process can commence, the machine needs to be set up with the right CNC machine tools for the job. The operator will also place the workpiece on the work table and fix it in place with a vice or custom jigs and fixtures. These steps are important to ensure the machine can carry out its job without the material moving out of place. When the necessary preparations are complete, the operator can launch a programme using the machine interface, and the manufacturing process can begin.
CNC Milling Manufacturing Process
When the milling manufacturing process begins, the tools can spin at thousands of RPM and, as such, can cut into even the strongest materials with ease. During the manufacturing process, the tool and workpiece will be moved in relation to each other in order to access different parts of the design. The angles and direction depend on the specific design requirements of the piece but the principle of feeding the workpiece to the rotary tool remains the same.
Types of Milling
The various types of milling can be generally categorized into the following: